---

Are you a fan of Roshogulla? Mishti doi? Maybe aloo in Dum Biryani? Kolkata is known for its fantastic street foods and authentic cuisines. However, being the former capital of India and the primary financial and commercial center of eastern and northeastern India, Kolkata is also famously known for its rich cultural heritage and monuments of great importance. Each place in this city speaks of its history, as the new and old chapters manage to exist concurrently.

Dive in with us on this incredible journey of exploring some of the awesome landmarks and serene beauty of this ‘City of Joy,’ virtually.

This blog post will look into Kolkata’s top 10 most loved historical landmarks. So, buckle up your seats and pick up your Mishti doi, for we are about to travel through the streets of Kolkata.

 

1. VICTORIA MEMORIAL HALL- iconic of all Historical Monuments

Built under the British Raj in the year 1921, this beautiful white marble structure attracts the attention of every history-loving tourist. Built in memory of Queen Victoria, it consists of 25 galleries in total, including the Victoria Gallery. The garden stretches up to 64 acres, along with a bronze statue of the Queen sitting in the middle.

The Museum of Victoria Hall has collections of the art of Thomas Daniell and other collections of rare books such as ‘The Arabian Nights,’ and illustrated works by William Shakespeare. The Kolkata Gallery was introduced in the mid-1970s to promote and preserve the visual history of Kolkata. 

The serene beauty of the nature, the signature British Gothic architecture, and the perfect site to look into the history. Don’t wait! pack your bags and delve into the galleries of Victoria Memorial Hall.

 

#2. FORT WILLIAM

Ever wondered what it feels like to look at the largest park in the country? Well, Fort William allows you to have an appreciable look. Built during the early years of the British Raj, Fort William was named after King William III. The iconic thing about this fort is that on its one side the river Hooghly flows, while on the other side is the Maidan, the largest park in the country (stretching 3 km in length and 1 km in width).

Today, the fort is the headquarters of the Eastern Command of the Indian Army, and therefore, civilian entry is restricted. But this will not stop you from admiring the artifacts displayed from the Indo-Pakistani war of 1971 in the memorial at the entrance of the fort.

#3. M.P BIRLA PLANETERIUM

Tired of the British style of architecture? Here’s the Birla Planetarium, a single-storeyed building with a dome structure on the top, imitating the Buddhist Stupa at Sanchi. It is the largest planetarium in Asia and the second largest in the world.

If you are curious about space and space science, this place should be on your bucket list. You get daily programs based on the facts of astronomy and space in Hindi, English, and Bengali, and occasionally in Odia, Tamil, and Gujarati.

If Astro-space science and astronomical is something you’ve an eye for then you have a strong reason to visit.

#4. BELUR MATH

Belur Math is the headquarters of the Ramakrishna Mission founded by Swami Vivekananda, the chief disciple of Ramakrishna Paramahamsa. The temple is considered the heart of the Ramakrishna movement.

The brilliance of it lies in its architecture, which is a fusion of Hindu, Islamic, Buddhist, and Christian artworks as a symbol of unity.

Its 40-acre campus is situated on the bank of the holy river Hooghly, and the temple is dedicated to Ramakrishna, Sarada Devi, and Swami Vivekananda. Belur Math is not only a pilgrimage site but also organizes various social uplifting activities like education, work for women, rural upliftment, and work among the laboring and backward classes, along with other relief and spiritual programs. Swami Vivekananda drew inspiration from all the places he had visited and observed, and he brought his imagination to life through it. A place so special to Swami, he took his last breath here in Belur Math at the age of 39.

 

#5. DAKSHINESHWAR TEMPLE

This place has to be the place with the most interesting story in Kolkata. A temple situated on the eastern bank of the Hoogly river, it is dedicated to Goddes Kali or Bhavatarini. The temple was built by Rani Rashmoni, a zamindarini and a Philanthropist, in the year 1855.

It is believed that the night before Rani Rashmoni was about to leave for the holy city of Kashi for a pilgrimage, she saw Goddess Kali in her dream. The goddess demanded to establish a new temple there in Kolkata, where she might then reside, which led to the establishment of this magnificent glory.

The main temple is inspired by the Navaratna-style Radhakanta temple in Tollygunge, built by Babu Ramnath Mondal of the Bawali Raj family. The complex includes a large courtyard, boundary wall rooms, twelve Shiva shrines, a Radha-Krishna temple, a riverfront bathing ghat, and a shrine to Rani Rashmoni. ‘Nahabat’, located in the northwestern corner beyond the Shiva temples, is where Ramakrishna and Maa Sarada spent a significant part of their lives.

#6. PARK STREET

‘Saheb-er Para’ or the Englishmen’s neighborhood, Park Street is a street located in central Kolkata. The existence of this route can be traced back to the 1760s, with its name changing several times. Victor Brothers is one of the oldest auction houses in India, situated near the Park Street post office. Here, you might find treasures like vintage cameras, grandfather clocks, Victorian tea sets and plates, and other mud-covered treasures.

Also referred to as ‘the street that never sleeps,’ it gives you the vibe of strolling on the streets of London. Park Street is also the place most famous for its street food. If you have a sweet tooth, we have the ultimate spot for you. Flurys, a confectionery shop on Park Street, was established in 1927. This place is heaven for pastry lovers. Check out its menu: Menu of Flurys, Park Street Area, Kolkata (zomato.com)

If you are tired of wandering and want to relax with good food, Park Street is the best place to unwind and enjoy.

 

#7. NEW MARKET

Are you a shopaholic? Do you love Kashmiri woolens but have no access to them? Well, New Market has it all for you. Even the introduction of malls and new bazaars in Kolkata could not dim the charm of this market. With almost 2,000 stores under its roof, the market was established by Richard Roskell Bayne in 1874.

During the 1970s, the market flourished with prosperity, featuring florists, fishmongers, fresh food, and exotic animals.

The market is still the go-to place for buying clothes, accessories, flowers, and various food items. It is also renowned for its Kashmiri shawls and other arts and crafts. Visiting New Market offers a unique shopping experience with a blend of traditional and modern retail, and it’s a great spot to explore local specialties and vibrant street life. Oh, and don’t forget to try the local Kalimpong and Bandel cheese!

 

#8. INDIAN MUSEUM

The Indian Museum, located in Kolkata, is the oldest and largest museum in Asia. As the center of the ‘Bengal Renaissance,’ Kolkata provided the perfect setting for this museum, serving as a medium to preserve and display both man-made and natural objects.

Established by Sir William Jones and the Asiatic Society in 1784, the museum features 35 galleries divided into six sections: Indian Art, Archaeology, Anthropology, Geology, Zoology, and Economic Botany.

If history excites you, botany and insects fascinate you, or you simply enjoy exhibitions, this museum is a must-visit. The white building evokes the British era, while each collection offers a deep dive into its own historical context. Don’t miss the Egyptian collection, which includes a preserved Egyptian mummy.

#9. ZOOLOGICAL GARDEN, ALIPORE

Laid out over 45 acres, the Kolkata Zoo is considered the oldest zoo in India. Adwaita, an Aldabra giant tortoise who lived here, was among the longest-living animals in the world.

The zoo is also home to one of the few captive breeding projects for the Manipur brow-antlered deer. It remains a popular winter tourist attraction in Kolkata.

The zoo houses approximately 1,266 animals and about 108 species, according to current records.

#10. PRINSEP GHAT

With the magnificent Howrah Bridge in the background and Greek-style architecture, Prinsep Ghat is a must-visit among the historical monuments of Kolkata. This iconic ghat, built in 1841, was designed by the British engineer W. P. R. P. Smith and named after the scholar James Prinsep.

The Hooghly River flows serenely beside it, and the cool breeze, combined with the picturesque sunrise or sunset, makes this place perfect for a relaxing walk. The ghat’s elegant colonnades and classical design add a regal vibe, making it a popular spot for both locals and tourists.

Interesting Fact: Prinsep Ghat was once a favorite spot for British colonial officials to enjoy boat rides and social gatherings. Today, it continues to be a vibrant cultural spot, providing a more calming view of the city.

 

CONCLUSION

Kolkata is a city of remarkable landmarks and rich history. From Asia’s largest planetarium to the oldest and largest museum, the historical monuments of Kolkata are truly impressive. Whether you’re exploring the city’s oldest zoo or enjoying its famous bakeries and markets, Kolkata has something for everyone. Don’t miss out on the top 10 historical monuments of Kolkata, each offering a unique peek into the city’s fascinating past. To know more about such iconic historical monuments do follow our blog ItihaasKiKhoj.

Also check out: 11 Best Historical Monuments of Uttarakhand that will leave you awestruck – ItihaasKiKhoj